I. INTRODUCTION:

The conduct of all elections to the Parliament, to the Legislature of every State and 3 Union Territories (UTs), which are having legislatures have to be held under the Constitution of India’s article 324 in India. This function shall be vested in a Commission called as an Election Commission of India (http://legislative.gov.in, accessed on May 27, 2019). In fact, an Election Commission of India (ECI) is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering an Union and State elections processes in India.

Moreover, this body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, States Legislative Assemblies as well as Legislative Councils, UTs Legislative Assemblies and offices of the President and Vice President in this country (https://eci.gov.in, accessed on May 27, 2019). Out of the present 28 states, Six Indian states such as Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh have bicameral Legislatures. Which means that these states are having both Legislative Assemblies as well as Legislative Councils. In these each respective states, an upper house is called as State Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad) (https://www.google.com, accessed on March 12, 2020).

The Parliament of India for an Union or central consists of the two houses to be known respectively as the Council of States, which is also called as Rajya Sabha and the house of the people which is also called as Lok Sabha. The Parliament is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India. An elected central government is ruling its people through this parliament in India. The Constitution of India’s article 81 says composition of the house of the People. As per this article, not more than five hundred and thirty (530) members chosen by direct election from territorial constituencies in the States, and not more than twenty (20) members to represent UTs chosen in such manner as Parliament may by law provide. More over, there shall be allotted to each State a number of seats in the house of the people in such manner that the ratio between that number and the population of the State is so far as practicable. This is the same for all States and UTs. An each State shall be divided into territorial constituencies in such manner that the ratio between the population of each constituency and the number of seats allotted to it is so far as practicable. This is the same throughout the States and UTs. This has been doing on the basis of every 10 years collected Census of India’s mentioned population (http://legislative.gov.in, accessed on May 27, 2019).

The delimitation of constituencies have been existing in India. The delimitation literally means an act or process of fixing limits or boundaries of territorial constituencies in a country or a province having a legislative body. In India, the job of delimitation is assigned to a high power body. This body is known as Delimitation Commission or a Boundary Commission. Moreover, in India, such Delimitation Commissions have been constituted 4 times such as in 1952 under the Delimitation Commission Act of 1952, in 1963 under Delimitation Commission Act of 1962, in 1973 under Delimitation Act of 1972 and in 2002 under Delimitation Act of 2002. Morever, the most recent delimitation commission was set up on 12 July 2002 after the 2001 census with Justice Kuldip Singh, a retired Judge of the Supreme Court as its Chairperson. There were amendments and orders also there. Despite these positive efficient mechanisms, there are slight variations there among states and UTs regarding territory size and total population levels. However, the present existing Parliamentary Lok sabha constituencies are 543.These are directly elected by the voters through their voting. Some seats are reserved for the Scheduled Castes (SCs) and the Scheduled Tribes (STs). (https://eci.gov.in/delimitation-website/delimitation, accessed on May 29, 2019). As per the normal rule, the Central government of India has to be formed in every 5 years based on the Lok Sabha election results.

In the Constitution of India under article 83 says that the House of the People, unless sooner dissolved shall continue for five years from the date appointed for its first meeting and no longer as well as an expiration of the said period of five years shall operate as a dissolution of the House. Moreover, provided that the said period may, while a proclamation of an emergency is in operation be extended by Parliament by law for a period not exceeding one year at a time and not extending in any case beyond a period of six months after the Proclamation has ceased to operate (http://www.legislative.gov.in, accessed on May 29, 2019).

So, through the Lok sabha election only the central government of India will be formed for ruling the whole people of India. Because of this purpose, so far 17 Parliamentary Lok Sabha elections have been conducted in the years such as 1951 and1952(first),1957,1962, 1967, 1971, 1977, 1980, 1984 and 1985 (Eighth), 1989, 1991and1992 (Tenth), 1996, 1998, 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014 and in the year 2019 for the 17^th Parliament Lok Sabha election purpose. However, the five-year term of the 16^th Lok Sabha was due to expire on 03rd June, 2019. The section 14 of the Representation of the People Act of 1951 provides for the conduct of elections to constitute a new Lok Sabha before expiry of its current term. So, ECI has made a comprehensive preparations for the smooth conduct of elections to the 17th Lok Sabha in a free, fair and peaceful manner under article 324 (https://eci.gov.in, accessed on February 14, 2019).

The Republic of India is often described as the largest democracy in the world. This is chiefly because of its ability to organize free elections at regular intervals. In the period from 1951-52 to 2019, 17 elections were held to renew the lower house of Parliament’s Lok sabha at New Delhi. An electorate has been growing over the decades in India. Indian voters cast their voting in the parties symbols at the time of elections. Moreover, ECI use to allot permanent symbols to national and state parties. It also allocate symbols for independent candidates. An ECI has been guaranteeing voting secrecy and measures against outside influences so as to create the conditions for rational and independent voting (Christophe Jaffrelot (2011), p.583, 584 and 588).

Within the five years of Independence, the right to choose their rulers was transferred to the people of India, and they have exercised this power in the general elections of 1951and52, which was conducted impartially by an independent Election Commission on the basis of universal adult franchise. It is significant to note that a few minutes before the midnight on 25 June 1975, the President of India, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed has proclaimed a ‘State of Emergency’ under Article 352 of the Constitution in India. He did this based on the recommendation letter of the Prime Minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi. In that letter, she has mentioned that there was an imminent danger to the security of India being threatened by internal disturbance. More over, the letter has mentioned that the matter was extremely urgent etc. After an end of this emergency on 21^st March 1977, an emergence of coalition politics in India witnessed with the formation and coming to power of the Janata Party in 1977 (Pranab Mukherjee (2015)). But the criticism was that the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi’s emergency period from 1975 to 1977 illustrated leadership actions are as much responsible for the breakdown of a democracy (Atul Kohli (1990), p.3). This means that democratic backsliding also known as democratic erosion or de-democratization is a gradual decline in the quality of democracy. This decline is caused by the state-led weakening of political institutions that sustain the democratic system in India. So, the congress dynastic party under the leadership of Mrs. Indira Gandhi was responsible for the de-democratization in India.

In Indian democracy, changes are taking place at various levels of the political structure. These changes can broadly be divided into 2 parts. These are macro level changes and the micro level changes taking place at the level of electoral constituencies and the contestants (Sanjay Kumar article in an edited book (2004), p.362). The Lok Sabha general election of 2014 saw a shift in outcomes, processes and personalities. This outcome itself was staggering. The BJP became the first non-Congress party to win a clear majority on its own. In its original avatar as the Jana Sangh, this party had won just three seats and 3.1 per cent of the vote in the 1951and52 election. Now, it has won 282 seats and 31 per cent of the national vote. The BJP symbol lotus has truly bloomed and come a very long way from the time when it was pigeonholed as a Brahmin as well as Bania party (Rajdeep Sardesai (2015)). Moreover, in this 2014 election, India was in a mood for change and it wanted a clean break from the past (Harish Khare (2014), p.218). This mainly means that the Congress led United Progressive Alliance won in 2004 and 2009 Lok sabha general elections. After a gap of 10 years, the BJP led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government has came to the power at the central government level in India.

II. The Schedule for General Elections to the Lok Sabha 2019:

The Schedule for conducting the general election to the 17^th Lok Sabha 2019 was issued by ECI. There were total 7 phases there. The first phase of the polling was held on 11-4-2019 for the 91 parliamentary constituencies purpose, the second on 18^th April 2019 for the 95, The third on 23^rd April 2019 for the 117, the fourth on 29^th April 2019 for the 71, the fifth on 6^th May 2019 for the 50, the 6^th on 12^th May 2019 for the 59 and finally the 7^th phase of polling was held on 19^th May 2019 for the 59 parliamentary constituencies purpose. So, elections were conducted for the total number of 542 Members of Parliament (MPs) seats under its respective parliamentary constituencies in India. This election was conducted for all the 29 states and all 7 Union Territories (UTs) with varied nature of within 7 phases in India. For example, the first phase was covered for conducting elections was in 15 states and all 7 UTs (Election Commission of India (2019)). Out of the total 542 seats, 411 are general, 84 are reserved for the Scheduled Caste (SC) and 47 are reserved for the Scheduled Tribe (ST). The total contestants in the fray were 8026. An average, minimum and maximum contestants per an MP constituency were 15, 3 and 185(Election Commission of India, Highlights- 2019). The present India is comprises of 28 states and 8 UTs. However, the present India country consists of 28 states and 8 UTs.

III. The political parties participation in the 17^th Lok Sabha Poll Process:

There were 7 national parties and 43 state parties have participated in order to contesting for the Parliament’s 17^th Lok Sabha general poll in India. The registered (unrecognized) parties and independents candidates were also participated in this election (Election Commission of India (2019)-List of Political Parties Participated). An Indian political parties have released their respective election manifestos policies for contesting this election in order to win for this 2019’s 17^th general Lok Sabha election for forming a 5 years central government tenure purpose in India. The manifesto means a public declaration of policy and aims, especially one issued before an election by a political party or candidate. Moreover, a party or coalition parties releases its manifestos before election for winning election. If that party or coalition parties came to power, that party or coalition parties government has to implement its promised election manifesto policies for the concerned people and the whole people in India on behalf of the whole India country. Apart from this, an elected government also makes and implements new policies. The major national parties of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) with its National Democratic Alliance (NDA) parties and Indian National Congress (INC) party with its United Progressive Alliance (UPA) have participated for contesting in order to win for ruling the country in this election. However, the released manifestos of these two major national parties of the Bharatiya Janata Party and Indian National Congress have analyzed below. In fact, these two political parties have also informed the Indian voters during their respective election campaigns that they will implement their respective promised manifestos policies if they win the election.

A, The BJP Election Manifesto:

The BJP party has released the 45 pages election manifesto for the 2019 17^th Parliament Lok Sabha election purpose. The manifesto titled as Sankalpit Bharat Sashakt Bharat. This manifesto’s policies table of contents are divided into 15, which includes Letter to 130 crore Indians from Prime Minister (PM) Mr.Narendra Modi, a message from BJP national president Amit Shah and a message from Rajnath Singh. In his letter Mr. Narendra Modi said that “We have achieved a lot in the last 5 years and we want to do lot more. There are two commitments that iam extremely passionate about such as doubling of farmer income and housing for all by the year 2022. With your support, iam sure both will happen” (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.4). This means that if the BJP will come to power again 2019 general Lok Sabha elections, he will implement these two voter promises for the people of India. However, the major brief high lights of the BJP manifesto’s assured promised policies as follows:

1. Nation First:

The BJP propose to do the following: 1) Zero-tolerance approach to terrorism, 2) Under the national security, it wants to strengthening our armed forces and self-reliance in defence sector, 3) Welfare of soldiers, 4) Modernization of police forces through the scheme for Modernization of Police Forces, 5) Under the combating infiltration, it says that “there has been a huge change in the cultural and linguistic identity of some areas due to illegal immigration, which resulting in an adverse impact on local people's livelihood and employment. We will expeditiously complete the National Register of Citizens process in these areas on priority. In future we will implement the NRC in a phased manner in other parts of the country” (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.11).

6) Reinforcing border security, 7) Coastal safety, 8) Under the Citizenship Amendment Bill, it says that “We are committed to the enactment of the Citizenship Amendment Bill for the protection of individuals of religious minority communities from neigh bouring countries escaping persecution. We will make all efforts to clarify the issues to the sections of population from the North eastern states who have expressed apprehensions regarding the legislation. We reiterate our commitment to protect the linguistic, cultural and social identity of the people of North east. Hindus, Jains, Buddhists and Sikhs escaping persecution from India’s neighbouring countries will be given citizenship in India”,9) Combating left wing extremism, and 10) Under the Jammu and Kashmir- Article 370,it says that “We reiterate our position since the time of the Jan Sangh to the abrogation of Article 370. We are committed to annulling Article 35A of the Constitution of India as the provision is discriminatory against non-permanent residents and women of Jammu and Kashmir. We believe that Article 35A is an obstacle in the development of the state. We will take all steps to ensure a safe and peaceful environment for all residents of the state. We will make all efforts to ensure the safe return of Kashmiri Pandits and we will provide financial assistance for the resettlement of refugees from West Pakistan, Pakistan occupied Jammu and Kashmir (POJK) and Chhamb”. Finally, mr. Narendra Modi has said that “India supports peace, but the country will not hesitate to take any steps required for national security” (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.12).

2. Agriculture and Farmer Welfare: Doubling Farmers Income:

The manifesto has said that PM Modi has embarked on a mission to double farmers’ income. Under the welfare of farmers, the manifesto has mentioned the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojana to all, pension for small and marginal farmers, ₹25 lakh crore investment in Agri-rural sector, Interest-free kisan credit card loans, Voluntary enrollment in Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, empowering farmers through policies of encouraging exports and discouraging imports, and Assurance of quality seeds (Bharatiya Janata Party(2019),p .13). It mentioned the Swachh Bharat Mission. For this, the BJP will ensure 100% disposal of liquid waste water and reuse of waste water (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.16).

3. India as the World’s 3rd Largest Economy:

The manifesto has mentioned that “the BJP will aspire to make India the third largest economy of the world by 2030. This implies that we commit to make India a US $ 5 trillion economy by 2025 and US $ 10 trillion economy by 2032. Our economic policy has been guided by the principle of lowering the tax rate and improving compliance; thereby broadening of the tax base”. The BJP want to promote Yoga globally. It mentioned the transparent economy. Moreover, under this it has mentioned that “we will continue our crackdown on Benami properties and illegal foreign bank accounts to benefit honest taxpayers and the poor of the country. We will also expedite our actions to bring fugitive economic offenders back to India and prosecute them for their crimes” (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.19).

4. Infrastructure - Foundation of New India:

The manifesto says that in the next five years, we will ensure that 50 cities are covered with a strong metro network (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.20).

5. Healthy India - Determined India:

The manifesto has mentioned a special mission to eliminate Tuberculosis from India by 2025 (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.23).

6. Good Governance:

It has mentioned that 1) The BJP is committed to an idea of simultaneous elections for Parliament, State assemblies and local bodies to reduce expenditure, ensure efficient utilization of government resources and security forces and for effective policy planning. We will try to build consensus on this issue with all parties, 2) The BJP will launch a new Science Mission for development of cutting edge technologies and future technologies with two submissions, specifically focused on (a) artificial intelligence mission and (b) robotic research mission with an aim to leapfrog into the future world of cutting edge technologies and 3)The BJP will ensure the Himalayan States are provided special financial assistance in the form of a 'Green Bonus' to facilitate the protection and promotion of forests in those states (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.26).

7. Yuva Bharat -Tomorrow's India:

The BJP will create new opportunities of employment by providing more support to the 22 major 'Champion Sectors' identified as the main drivers of Indian economy. The BJP will optimally leverage an untapped employment-generation of potential of sectors such as defence and pharmaceuticals to take advantage of opportunities available in domestic and foreign markets (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.27).

8. Education for All:

The BJP manifesto has mentioned that 1) Establishment of National Institutes of Teachers training. These institutions would provide four-year integrated courses that would set the standards for quality teachers in our schools up to tenth class. We will also motivate States to replicate this model as it is our firm belief that quality teachers lay the foundation of quality learning, 2) we aim to open another 200 Kendriya Vidayalalas and Navodaya Vidayalas schools by 2024,3) We will set up an Arts, Culture and Music University with a focus on fine arts such as music and dance. We will also open a state of the art Hospitality and Tourism University and a Police University. States will be encouraged to establish similar institutions of excellence and 4) We will formulate a ‘National Policy for Reskilling and Upskilling’ to evolve a flexible and industry responsive workforce which is capable of accessing new opportunities and to insulate it from technological shocks (Bharatiya Janata Party(2019), p.30).

9. Women Empowerment:

The manifesto has mentioned that 1)in the next 5 years to ensure financial empowerment among women in rural and semi-rural areas and create better employment opportunities for them, we will make every effort to ensure access to credit and other resources, capacity building, market and distribution network for women entrepreneurs, SHGs and women farmers, 2) It has mentioned that Continuing our work, the BJP will legislate a bill to prohibit and eliminate practices such as Triple Talaq and Nikah Halala, 3)Continuing our efforts to ensure safe motherhood through schemes such as Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Matritva Suraksha Abhiyaan and Ayushman Bharat, we will focus on ensuring good quality, easily accessible and affordable maternal healthcare services for all women and 4) Women's welfare and development will be accorded a high priority at all levels within the government, and the BJP is committed to 33% reservation in parliament and state assemblies through a constitutional amendment (Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.32).

10. Inclusive Development:

1) The creation of an open and egalitarian society is central to the philosophy of the BJP. ‘Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas’ is at the heart of PM Modi’s vision of New India, 2) We are committed to bringing down the percentage of families living below the poverty line to a single digit in the next five years 3),We are committed to the empowerment and ‘development with dignity’ of all minorities (Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains and Parsis etc, 4)We are committed to work towards finding a permanent political solution to the issue of Darjeeling Hills, Siliguri Terai and Dooars region, 5) We will expand the Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan scheme to cover all small shopkeepers for giving pensions to them and 6) For ensuring welfare of Artisans, the BJP will create an umbrella scheme ‘Pradhan Mantri Kalanidhi Yojana’ to allow flexible and customized packages of credit, working capital and social security options to provide comprehensive support to traditional artisans.8,It will formulate a comprehensive Child Protection Framework to facilitate the setting up of standards and robust inspection and monitoring of child care institutions across India( Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.35).

11. Cultural Heritage:

1), We reiterate our stand on Ram Mandir. We will explore all possibilities within the framework of the Constitution and all necessary efforts to facilitate the expeditious construction of the Ram Temple in Ayodhya and 2) We will undertake every effort to ensure that the subject of faith, tradition and worship rituals related to Sabarimala are presented in a comprehensive manner before the Honourable Supreme Court. We will endeavour to secure constitutional protection on issues related to faith and belief Bharatiya Janata Party (2019), p.36 ).

12. Foreign Policy:

1)The BJP will strengthen the MADAD portal as single-point avenue for information and services for Indians living abroad, 2) We will effectively pursue co-operation against global evils such as terrorism and corruption through forums like UN, the G20, BRICS, SCO, Commonwealth, etc, 3) seeking permanent membership of United Nation Security Council so that the body reflects the contemporary geopolitical realities of the world and 4), The BJP will establish a full-fledged University of Foreign Policy.

B. Indian National Congress (INC) Election Manifesto:

In contrast to the BJP, the INC party’s assured manifesto policies has consisted of 55 pages. An INC party’s detailed plan of action policies are divided in to 6 broad areas such as 1) Kaam –Employment and Growth, 2) Daam -An Economy that works For all, 3) Shaan- Pride in our hard and soft power, 4) Sushasan-Good Governance Through Independent and Accountable Institutions, 5) Swabhimaan-Self esteem for the deprived and 6) Samman-A life of dignity for all. However, the following are the some of an INC party manifesto issues for the 2019 Lok sabha poll in India.

1. Jobs:

The Congress pledges to give the highest priority to protecting existing jobs and creating new jobs (Indian National Congress (2019), p.11).

2. Industry:

The Congress has initiated liberalisation in 1991 with a new Industrial Policy. The taking note of the changes in the global economy and Indian economy, Congress promises another radical, forward-looking Industrial Policy (Indian National Congress (2019), p.12).

3. Infrastructure:

It promises to augment the total length of national highways and increase the pace of construction. The focus will be on improved design and quality, maintenance and accountability (Indian National Congress (2019), p.12)

4. Cities, Urbanisation and Urban Policy:

It promised to formulate a comprehensive policy on Urbanisation after wide consultation. We will address issues concerning towns and cities including city governance, livelihoods, housing, habitat, pollution, climate change, urban transport and disaster management (Indian National Congress (2019), p.13).

5. Rural Development:

An enhance infrastructure in rural areas and improve the quality of public goods such as roads, bridges, water supply, sanitation, electricity and schools.

6. Informal and Unorganised Sector:

A fair deal for the crores of workers and the self-employed who toil every day in the unorganised and informal sector (Indian National Congress (2019), p.14).

7. Agriculture, Farmers and Farm Labour:

To establish a permanent National Commission on Agricultural Development and Planning (Indian National Congress (2019), p.16).

8. Economic Policy:

Wealth creation and the welfare of our people are our 2 principal goals

9. Minimum Income Support Programme or Nyuntam Aay Yojana (NYAY):

Under this, the target population will be 5 crore families who constitute the poorest 20 per cent of all families. Each family will be guaranteed a cash transfer of Rs. 72,000 a year.

10. Taxation and Tax Reforms:

To enact the Direct Taxes Code in the first year of our government. It will usher in an era of simplicity, transparency, tax equity, easy compliance and impartial administration (Indian National Congress (2019), p.20).

11. Banking and Financial Sector:

A comprehensive review of the concept, role and functions of Public Sector Banks (PSBs) in order to make PSBs robust and competitive with healthy balance sheets (Indian National Congress (2019), p.22).

12. Science, Technology and Innovation:

To allocate sufficient funds to promote science, technology and innovation. It promises to set up a National Data Science Institute.

13. Fisheries and Fisherfolk:

It will establish a separate Ministry of Fisheries and Welfare of Fisherfolk. It also mentioned to constitute a National Fisherfolk Commission (Indian National Congress (2019), p.22).

14. National Security:

The Congress will establish an office of Chief of Defence Staff (CDS).It will provide a statutory basis to the National Security Council (NSC) and office of National Security Adviser (NSA).

15. internal security:

The Congress has promised that it will keep a vigilant eye on the security situation and take every measure that is required to maintain law and order and to provide a sense of security for every citizen and for every visitor to India (Indian National Congress (2019), p.25).

However, it is clearly reveals above analyzed two national political parties manifestos that the BJP manifesto through its assured policies was very good as well as excellent and where as the INC party manifesto through its assured policies was not up to the mark and not good.

IV. Analysis of the Results of the 17^thLok Sabha Poll:

The total number of electors in this election (including Service Electors) were 910512091. The total number of polling stations used for conducting this election were 1036295. The poll percentage of whole India (including the postal ballot) was 67.4% (Election Commission of India, Highlights- 2019). India has been using the First Past The Post (FPTP) electoral system (Csaba Nikolenyi (2010), p.1). This has been using for deciding the won candidates. For an example, in an MP constituency, if a contested candidate got one vote more than the rest of other candidates, that candidate will be the winner. Moreover, this FPTP system has been using for declaring the results of elections byan ECI. The declared ECI’s 17^th Lok Sabha also known as house of the people election results have revealed that the BJP led NDA had won this election for forming the central government in India. More over, the BJP on its won, excluding its alliance parties had won 303 MP seats out of 543 parliamentary constituencies seats.

If we compared to the 2014 Lok Sabha General elections, the BJP on its own has won the more number of MP seats in this election. This was mainly because the preceding 5 years tenure of this government rule was very good and also the BJP promised election manifesto policies were very much satisfied by an Indian voters for this election purpose. The major Indian states wise analysis also revealed that the BJP has won 26 MP seats out of 26 MP seats in Gujarat state. In Haryana state also it has won 10 out of 10 seats. In Himachal Pradesh state also it has won 4 out of 4 seats. In Uttarakhand state also it has won 5 out of 5 seats. In the northern eastern states of Arunachal Pradesh (2 out of 2 seats) and Tripura (2 out of 2 seats) won by this BJP party.

The BJP had did very well in Madhya Pradesh state, where it had won 28 MP seats out of the 29 MP seats. While in Rajasthan state too, this party had won 24, out of 25 seats. In the Chhattisgarh state, it had won 9 out of 11 seats. In the Jharkhand state, the party had won 11 out of 14 seats. In the south India state of Karnataka, it had won 25 out of 28 seats. In Uttar Pradesh state, this party had won significant good number of 62, out of 80 seats. The BJP has won 9 out of 14 in Assam, 23 out of 48 seats in Maharashtra, 18 out of 42 in West Bengal and 8 out of 21 in Odhisha state. However, at UTs level, the BJP has won 7 out of 7 seats in NCT Delhi. However, in contrast to the BJP, the INC party excluding its alliance parties had won only 52 MP seats out of 542 (Election Commission of India, List of Successful Candidate – 2019). This clearly revealed that this party’s manifesto was not satisfied by an Indian voters. However, the Vellore MP constituency voting was scheduled to go to polls on April 18 with 38 other parliamentary constituency seats in Tamil Nadu. But the President of India mr.Ram Nath Kovind has accepted the Election Commission's plea to cancel voting in Vellore as per the schedule, following seizure of at least Rs 12 crore in cash from a DMK leader's associate in raids(https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha-2019/story/lok-sabha-polls-cancelled-in-vellore-after-massive-cash-haul-1503419-2019-04-16,accessed on April 22, 2022). So, because of this reason, the Vellore MP constituency election was rescheduled on August 5, 2019 and this election result was declared on August 9,2019(https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/dmks-kathir-anand-wins-vellore-lok-sabha-election/articleshow/70603990.cms,accessed on April 22,2022).

After declaration of the results, the ECI had submitted the list of newly elected members of the 17^th General Lok Sabha to the honourable President of India. As per the rule, for a political party or an alliance formed party led parties to form the central government, they must have a majority of elected MPs. There are total 542 elected members there in the Lok Sabha. So, in order to have a majority to form the central government, a party or a party led alliance formed parties must have at least more than half of the numbers . That is 272 MP seats needed to form the central government of India. So, the BJP led NDA had more than these required MP seats numbers and it had formed the central government under an incumbent BJP led NDA Prime minister Mr. Narendra Modi for an another next 5 years tenure purpose for ruling entire India country. So, Mr. Narendra Modi was again appointed as the Prime minister of India by the President of India mr. Ram Nath Kovind. In the earlier 2014 term, Mr. Narendra Modi was appointed as the Prime minister of India by the President of India mr.Pranab Mukherjee.

V. CONCLUSION:

After the Parliament of India’s 17^th Lok Sabha election, the BJP led NDA had came to power in 2019. This was the second 2.0 consecutively victory for the BJP led NDA. The 2.0 BJP led NDA central government had started implementing the BJP’s assured election manifesto policies of 17^th Lok Sabha election. For examples, the BJP manifesto’s mentioned against the practice of Triple Talaq was passed by the Parliament of India. This Parliament of India’s bill was known as ‘The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019’. This was a very good thing. Another major achievement was this government was it had settled the Ayodhya issue and the construction of the Ram Temple at the same Ayodhya place has been going on. This is a very good governance of BJP led NDA government under the dynamic Prime Minister ship of Mr. Narendra Modi.

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19. Election Commission of India, List Of Successful Candidate – 2019, Elections (17 Lok Sabha), New Delhi, office document, Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/USER/Downloads/4.%20List%20Of%20Successful%20Candidate.pdf

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Received on 24.04.2022 Modified on 27.06.2022

Res. J. Humanities and Social Sciences. 2022;13(3):169-176.

DOI: 10.52711/2321-5828.2022.00028